Battery life and restoration have become increasingly important. The freight cost of shipping dead and permanently damaged batteries back for maintenance and replenishing customers with replacements is prohibitive. Many misconceptions and misinformation have been disseminated about battery life and the mechanisms of degradation. In most cases, t. The normal lead based battery charging and discharging cycle How and why batteries experience sulphation Normal and harmful sulphation Why damaging sulphation occurs What equalization is, what it does is and how it is accomplished What desulphation is, what is does and how it is accomplishedIf a battery is left discharged for an extended period of time, the sulphation resulting from a normal discharge continues to progress Instead of the sulphation forming fine particles, it begins to form hard crystals on the positive and negative plates Heavy plate sulphation is not easily removable by recharging, and over time is completely irrever. As noted before, sulphation is a normal effect of the discharge process. At the end of the discharge, both plates have been transformed to lead sulphate (PbSO4) During a normal recharge, the chemical process is reversed, and the two plates are reverted back to lead and lead dioxide If the battery has been left discharged over an extended period of. If the lead sulphate has formed hard crystals on the plates, normal recharging or equalization is not feasible. The crystals are a very poor electrical conductor and, as a result, the battery can conduct only a minute amount of current. A desulphation device is required. The desulphation mechanism is an induced mechanical resonance of the crystals.
